Art that does not attempt to represent external reality.
A post-World War II art movement characterized by gestural brushstrokes and emotional intensity.
A synthetic paint medium with acrylic polymer emulsion.
The branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty, art, and taste.
A tool that sprays paint using compressed air.
Photography using film and chemical processes.
The process of applying gesso primer to a surface.
Intaglio technique using acid-resistant resin particles.
A person who analyzes and evaluates art.
A person overseeing a collection of artworks.
A commercial space where artworks are exhibited and offered for sale.
Joining various materials or found objects.
Distribution of visual weight creating stability.
Art using living organisms as its medium.
A composition created with Blender software.
Establishing the main shapes and color areas.
A roller used to spread ink in printmaking.
Subtractive sculpture - material removed from a block.
Carbonized wood for drawing. Vine, compressed, willow charcoal.
Clay for sculpture: earthenware, stoneware, porcelain bodies.
Textured watercolor paper with a slightly bumpy surface. Also called CP or NOT (Not Hot-Pressed).
Artwork made by gluing materials onto a surface.
The visual sensation produced by light waves.
A drawing created using colored pencils.
Creating moving images using computer software.
An art movement emphasizing ideas over traditional aesthetic concerns.
Preserving artwork to prevent deterioration.
Drawing the outline or contours of a subject.
An early 20th-century art movement that fragmented objects into geometric shapes.
Art exploring technology and the human body.
An artist who uses digital tools as their primary medium.
A visual representation created using digital tools.
Illustration created using digital tools.
Pictorial art made with pixels on a computer screen.
Terminology applied to the creation or appreciation of digital sculpture.
A pen-like input device for digital drawing.
Paper designed for dry media like pencil, charcoal, and pastels.
Using a brush with minimal paint for textured effects.
Substances that accelerate the drying time of oil paints, such as cobalt drier, Japan drier, and alkyd mediums like Liquin or Galkyd.
Intaglio technique using a needle to scratch the plate.
A stand for holding a canvas or panel during painting.
A set of multiple original artworks from the same source.
A painting medium in which pigments are bound with egg yolk.
Yellow part of egg, used as tempera binder.
Beeswax-based binder, often with damar resin.
A painting technique using heated beeswax mixed with pigments.
Intaglio technique using a burin to cut metal.
Art addressing environmental issues or using natural materials.
Intaglio technique using acid to cut into metal.
A spray applied to drawings to prevent smudging.
A brush with a flat ferrule and straight edge.
An even application of watercolor across an area.
Substances that modify the flow characteristics of oil paint, such as stand oil and Venice turpentine.
Substances that modify how watercolor flows and spreads, such as ox gall and flow improver.
A three-dimensional object or its illusion.
Placing artwork in a frame for display and protection.
An acrylic additive that increases body and transparency. Available in soft, regular, and heavy consistencies.
A rigid support coated with gesso, a white primer.
Applying thin, transparent layers of paint.
Mediums used for creating transparent glazing layers in oil painting.
A tool for cutting relief printing blocks.
A wash that gradually transitions from dark to light.
A watercolor additive that enhances the granulating properties of pigments, creating a textured appearance.
A pressure-sensitive input device for digital drawing.
Primary binder for watercolor and gouache.
Using parallel lines to create tone and shading.
Three-dimensional images created by laser light.
Smooth watercolor paper, ideal for detailed work and illustrations.
A mid-19th century American art movement of romantic landscape paintings.
Thick application of paint creating texture.
A 19th-century art movement characterized by visible brush strokes and emphasis on light.
A drawing created using ink with pen or brush.
Liquid pigment for drawing, writing, printing.
East Asian brush painting using black ink. Includes sumi-e.
Three-dimensional works transforming perception of space.
Viewer actively participates in the artwork experience.
Removing wet or dried watercolor to create highlights.
Canvas made from linen fibers. Available in fine, medium, and coarse weave.
Drying oil from flax seeds. Raw, refined, cold-pressed, sun-thickened.
Based on oil and water not mixing, using stone or metal plate.
Production rules for Lindenmayer systems.
An American landscape painting style characterized by diffused light.
Substances used to protect areas of paper from paint, such as masking fluid and frisket.
Adding a mat board around artwork for framing.
Metal for sculpture: bronze, steel, iron, aluminum, copper.
Metal surfaces used as supports, including copper plates and aluminum panels.
Intaglio technique creating tonal areas by roughening plate surface.
The process of mixing paints to create desired colors.
Suspended elements moving with air currents.
Tools for shaping clay and other modeling materials.
A printmaking technique yielding a unique print.
Creating a sense of action or guiding the eye.
A platform facilitating NFT transactions.
Art that does not depict recognizable objects from the natural world.
A painting medium using pigments bound with drying oils.
Substances used to thin oil paint or clean brushes, such as turpentine, odorless mineral spirit (OMS), and spike lavender oil.
A virtual platform where artists can sell their artworks.
A flat surface for mixing and holding paints.
Powdered pigment bound with non-greasy binder in stick form.
Paper with texture designed to hold pastel pigments.
Applying or developing a surface patina on sculpture.
A drawing created using graphite or colored pencils.
Artwork created through actions performed by the artist.
A curated collection of an artist's best work.
An artwork depicting the likeness of an individual or group.
An acrylic additive that creates fluid consistency suitable for pour painting techniques.
A canvas treated with a preparatory coating (primer, often gesso).
An additive manufacturing process building objects layer by layer.
The matrix or surface used to transfer an image (e.g., woodblock, etching plate, screen).
Paper designed for printmaking processes.
The chronology of the ownership, custody or location of a historical object.
An acrylic additive that slows drying time, allowing longer working time for blending.
An exhibition showcasing an artist's work across their career.
Visual movement through repetition and variation.
The most heavily textured watercolor paper.
A brush with a round ferrule and pointed tip.
Applying a thin, opaque layer over dried paint.
Silkscreen printing - ink forced through a stencil on a screen.
Soft, gradual blending of tones and colors.
Treatment that controls absorbency, preventing media from soaking in too much.
The area around, within, or between elements.
Stone for sculpture: marble, granite, limestone, soapstone.
The process of stretching canvas over a frame.
Substances that modify the texture of paint, such as cold wax medium, impasto medium, and sand texture medium.
A prevailing style or direction in art during a particular period.
Creating an initial layer to establish values and composition.
Unity creates coherence; variety adds interest.
A protective coating applied to finished paintings.
Applying protective varnish to finished artwork.
Brilliant red pigment from cinnabar (mercury sulfide).
Interactive digital entertainment as visual art.
Drying oil with less yellowing than linseed.
A painting medium using pigments suspended in a water-soluble binder.
Wax for sculpture: beeswax, paraffin, microcrystalline wax.
Applying wet paint onto still-wet paint.
A panel made from wood, including hardboard, MDF, and plywood.
Relief printing using a carved wooden block.
The artist responsible for producing a given work of art.
Another artist collaborating on a project.
An additive (what practitioners call 'medium') used in this work.
The arrangement of elements in this artwork.
The specific material used in this work.
A digital certificate of ownership for this artwork.
The weight of the paper in pounds (lb) or gsm.
A specific process step in creating this work.
A protective finish applied to this work.
An artist's unique interpretation of a subject.
A foundational, structured method of interpreting art by closely observing and breaking down its visual elements.
Description of the visual imagery in the work.
A work that inspired this creative work.
The measurement system used by the artist.
Links an artist pseudonym to the actual artist.
A QRcode image associated with this work.
The source work or subject that this rendition interprets or derives from.
Internet location referencing the creative work.
The creation date for a concept. Typically used on notes, interpretations and entities
The edit date for a concept. Typically used on notes, interpretations and entities
A reference to a external URI, typically a link captured in a google keep note
A fully-qualified URL. An element of a URI tko:link reference.
Text describing the content at the URL. An element of a URI tko:link reference.
The title of the content at the URL. An element of a URI tko:link reference.
A knowledge organization model for vocabulary
A knowledge organization model for vocabulary used with the cwva ontology and data
A skos-like structure supporting topic and tag management.
The result of an interaction with an AI platform typically for interpretation of a work.
Hexadecimal representation of ARGB image color identifier
A response to an online article and related links.
a person who creates works in the visual arts as a profession or hobby.
a group of artworks that are curated and held by an individual, institution, or government.
It represents a distinct idea or abstraction that can be identified and discussed as a separate unit. Basically equivalent to skos:Concept with a few more operational properties
A digital image for any type of purpose or format.
A concept originating as a Google Keep Note
Typically a reference document on the management of the software system.
an organized body of people with a particular purpose, especially a business, society, association, etc.
a document distributed with the system RDF data.
A collection of creative work instances that are intentionally related by a common theme. This can also serve the operational purpose of associating specific non-creative-work items to a given series of works.
a preliminary work or practice piece that an artist creates to help them plan their final piece.
paintings, drawings, or other artistic works.
range is any valid URI, but intended to be a dbpedia link
range is any valid URI, but intended to be a google docs link
The concept corresponding to the topic's title. Expected to be a single concept, but not constrained.
An object from an enumeration of source instances. Currently AI platforms.
A symbol derived from the pigment name and source. This enables an interface to the very physical world of the artist selecting paints, where entering complete pigment names, especially with mixed paints, is not expedient.
A symmetric semantic relation between a resource and a resource.
range is any valid URI, but intended to be a wikipedia link
Indicates a resource defining the subject resource.
A resource that might provide additional information about the subject resource.
States that all the instances of one class are instances of another.
The practice of analyzing, interpreting, and evaluating art.
A unified collection sharing a common theme.
The arrangement of visual elements in an artwork.
Codes and symbols used in digital art creation.
Art created using autonomous systems or algorithms.
The foundational layer applied to a support before painting or drawing begins.
A visual representation of something, such as a photograph, painting, or drawing.
Pigments from mineral sources or synthesized inorganic compounds.
A common file format for digital images.
Natural earth pigments such as ochre, ultramarine, cadmium.
Combines different artistic media and materials.
A rigid painting support, often wood or hardboard, providing a durable, warp-resistant surface.
A technique to create the illusion of depth.
An image created by light falling on a photosensitive surface.
Materials used in printmaking and 3D printing.
Art blending artistic and scientific practices.
Technology is the application of knowledge to solve problems, while engineering is the profession that uses scientific, mathematical, and empirical methods to design and build those technological solutions.
A painting medium using pigments bound with egg yolk or other emulsions.
Applications of tensegrity structures are found in architecture, biochemistry, anatomy, robotics and art.
Concepts in the artistic application of tensegrity structures.
A structural principle where isolated compression components (struts) are suspended within a continuous network of tension members (cables/tendons).
Substances that create texture effects in watercolor, such as granulation medium.
The specialized terms used to discuss art.
Pigments in a water-soluble binder, typically gum arabic.
the main subject, theme, or area of focus of a discussion, text, artwork, or field of study.
The academic study of the development of art from its origins to the present day.
A tendency or style in art involving a group of artists with shared aims.
A biographical summary and the artist's creative process preferences.
A tool with bristles used for applying paint.
A durable, woven fabric (usually cotton or linen) stretched over a wooden frame, serving as a sturdy, popular surface for painting.
Materials for drawings: pencils, charcoal, ink, pastels.
An online marketplace dedicated to the trading of non-fungible tokens.
A drawing implement with a core of graphite or colored material.
Creating durable images by recording light.
The raised surface of the matrix is inked.
Rigid surfaces used as supports for artwork.
Terminology applied to the creation or appreciation of sculpture.
Tools used to shape sculptural materials.
Tools that support the artwork or artist during creation.
Water-soluble binders for watercolor, gouache, acrylic.
Substances added to acrylic paint to modify its working properties, such as retarder medium, gel medium, molding paste, and pouring medium.
An individual with authority in art history or practice.
Category or channel of artistic expression. Replaces the ambiguous 'Medium' class.
The economic system surrounding the buying and selling of artworks.
Through a creative process manifesting an idea in a visual form.
A specific category or form of artistic expression.
Final steps to complete and protect artwork.
Substances used in painting: pigments, binders, solvents.
Finely ground powder giving paint its color.
Processes for preserving and conserving artwork.
The main substance that becomes or carries the visible artwork.
Applied after artwork is complete to protect the surface.
An interpretation or representation of an artwork.
Art that aims to depict recognizable objects or scenes.
Art forms engaging with three-dimensional space.
Art forms that create works primarily intended to be visual in nature.
Substances added to watercolor paint to modify its working properties. What watercolorists call 'watercolor mediums' - including flow modifiers, texture modifiers, and masking agents.
Paper specifically designed for watercolor painting, available in different textures (hot-pressed, cold-pressed, rough) and weights.
When watercolorists say 'watercolor media,' they typically mean paper types - not the paint itself.
Substances mixed with paint or other materials to modify their properties such as flow, texture, drying time, or transparency. THIS IS WHAT PRACTITIONERS OFTEN CALL 'MEDIUM' (e.g., 'glazing medium', 'granulation medium', 'Liquin').
In oil painting, 'oil medium' refers to additives like Liquin or stand oil. In watercolor, 'watercolor medium' refers to additives like granulation medium or ox gall. This class disambiguates that usage from other meanings of 'medium'.
All of the materials, processes, techniques, and factors involved in creating visual art.
An individual who creates or practices any of the arts.
Evaluates a piece by examining the historical, cultural, social, and political circumstances surrounding its creation, rather than just its visual appearance.
A principled home for vad:CulturalContext and vad:Iconography when the time comes.
Drawing materials not requiring a liquid vehicle.
Drying oils used as binders in oil paints.
Steps to prepare materials and surfaces before creating artwork.
The surface upon which artwork is created. Replaces Substrate.
The outer layer or material on which an artwork is created, influencing texture and how media is applied.
A foundational, structured method of interpreting art by closely observing and breaking down its visual elements—such as composition, color, line, texture, and light—to understand how they create meaning or communicate a message.
The various functions of individuals within the art world.
Substance holding pigment particles together and adhering them to support.
The main creative stages of producing artwork.
Image incised into surface, recessed areas hold ink.
Substances added to oil paint to modify its working properties. What oil painters call 'oil mediums' - including drying agents, flow modifiers, texture additives, and glazing mediums.
Creating artworks by transferring an image from a matrix.
Materials for sculptures: clay, stone, metal, wood, plastic.
The specific methods, skills, and processes an artist employs to manipulate materials and create an artwork.
Techniques specific to watercolor painting.
The systematic study of an artwork's visual components—line, color, shape, texture, and composition to understand how they create meaning, mood, or structure.
Stages and workflows involved in art production.
A group of artists who share similar styles or are associated by location or time.
Three-dimensional art created by shaping materials.
Techniques for applying paint to a surface.
The expression or application of human creative skill and imagination.
A unique digital asset representing ownership of content using blockchain.
Guidelines for organizing art elements: balance, contrast, emphasis, etc.
A visual art form created by making marks on a surface.
Instruments used to apply or manipulate materials in art production.
The various disciplines within the visual arts.
The fundamental visual components: line, shape, color, value, texture, form, space.
a thing with distinct and independent existence.
Any finished original artistic or intellectual creation in the visual arts.
CWVA organizes the visual arts creative process into an information model. Version 4.0.0 integrates the Art Production Ontology (APO) to disambiguate medium/media terminology.
CWVA organizes the visual arts creative process into an information model. Version 4.0.0 integrates the Art Production Ontology (APO) to disambiguate medium/media terminology. Visit visualartsdna.org for more information.
A proposed creative-process domain ontology for the visual arts. V4.0.0 merges APO to disambiguate 'medium' and 'media' terminology.